It is assumed that works submitted to the journal have not been submitted or published elsewhere, unless the author indicates otherwise.
Typing and Paper
The manuscript should be typed double-spaced on A4 paper with 4cm margins on all sides. It should be limited to 10 pages including tables, illustrations and references.
Title Page
The title of the paper, name of author and full address of the institution where the work was carried out should appear on the title page.
Abstract
English abstracts of 200 words each should follow the title page.
Key Words
About six to ten key words are required and these shot be placed directly above the abstract.
Tables
Tables should be typed on separate pages and numbered using Arabic numerals. Each table should be referred to in the text, have a brief title and include explanatory notes, if necessary, below it. Vertical rules should not be used. Footnotes in tables should be designated by symbols or superscript small italic letters. Tables should conform to page size.
Equations
These must be clearly typed triple-spaced. They should be identified by numbers in square brackets placed flush with the right margin.
Illustrations and Photographs
Illustrations including diagrams and graphs are referred to in the text as figures and photographs as ‘plates’ and numbered consecutively in Arabic numerals. All photographs (glossy black and white prints) should be supplied with appropriate scales.
Illustrations should be of print quality; outputs from dotmatrix printers are not acceptable. Illustrations should be on separate sheets, about twice the size in print. All letters, numbers and legends must be included on the illustration with the author’s name, short title of the paper and figure number written on the verso. A list of captions should be provided on a separate sheet.
Spelling & Measurements
The Oxford English Dictionary should be consulted for spelling. Metric units must be used for empirical measurements.
Citations and References
Citations to the literature in the text are to be indicated by the author’s name and year of publication in parentheses, e.g. (Barnett and Lewis 1982). If an author is quoted in the text, the year of publication should immediately follow in parentheses, e.g. Barnett and Lewis (1982) state that "……..….". Citation of a particular page follows the date and is preceded by a comma, e.g. Humphrey 1990, p. 26-27.For works with multiple authors, the first author’s surname is used followed by et al. The full form of citation is used for two authors.
If two or more works by the same author are cited together, the author’s name is followed by the various years of publication arranged in chronological order e.g. (Sulaiman 1979, 1980, 1981). In the case of citing an author with several works published in the same year, the works should be distinguished by the addition of a small letter e.g. Choa (1979a); Choa (1979b).
When several authors are cited, they are to be arranged in chronological order and separated by semicolons, e.g. Zaharah 1960; Yong 1980; Lewis 1990.
Serials are to be abbreviated as in the World List of Scientific Periodicals. The following reference style is to be observed:
Books
Shamsher Mohamed, Shamsudin Ismail & ArrnuarMohd. Nassir. 1989. Asas Belanjawan ModaL 197p. Serdang: Universiti Pertanian Malaysia Press.
Chapter in Edited Books
Zahid Emby. 1990. The Orang Ash Regrouping Schem converting swiddeners to commercial farmers. In Margins and Minorities - The Peripheral Areas and Peoples of Malaysia, ed. V. T King & M. J. G. Parnwell, p. 94-109. Hull: Hull University Press.
Unpublished Materials (e.g. theses, reports, documents)
Shahwahid, H. O. 1989. Price competitiveness and demand behaviour of Malaysian Meranti lumber and hardwood plywood in the United States’ import market Ph.D. Dissertation, State University of New York, Syracuse.
Ministry of National Unity. 1973. A socio-economic survey on the new villages in Perak and Melaka. 67p. Malaysia.
Serials
Noran Fauziah Yaakub. 1990. A multivariate analysis of attitude towards teaching. Pertanika 13(2): 267-273.
Conference Proceedings
Amir Awang. 1992. Counselling, human resources development and counselling services. In Proceedings of Asia Pacific Conference on Human Resource Development, ed. Sulaiman M. Yassin, Yahya Mat Hassan, Kamariah Abu Bakar, Esah Munji and Sabariah Mohd Rashid, p. 243-246. Serdang: Universiti Pertanian Malaysia.